LAW 531 Final Exam  51 answers highlighted in green and underlined

1 Under the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which of the following is true?

 

Penalties are imposed for obtaining any domain name that infringes on a valid trademark.Domain

 

names are granted only after ensuring that they do not infringe on a valid existing trademark.

 

A plaintiff must show that the defendant acted in bad faith in order to recover.

 

Prior approval by the affected celebrity is needed to obtain a domain name that is similar to a celebrity’s name.

 

2 The Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act led to rules requiring:

 

That mergers be allowed if United States competitiveness in world markets is improved.

 

That failing companies are rescued through mergers whenever possible.

 

That the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department be notified in advance of any merger involving certain firms.

 

That certain activities are classified as per se violations.

 

3 The landlord has the right to enter the leased premises:

 

To make necessary repairs

 

Only if specifically provided in the lease

 

To inspect for waste

 

To inspect for illegal use

 

4 Which for of real property ownership includes the greatest degree of ownership?

 

Fee simple defeasible

 

Fee simple limitless

 

Absolute life estate

 

Fee simple absolute

 

5 A doctrine that says a patent may not be granted if the invention was used by the public for more than a certain period of time prior to the filing of the patent application is known as;

 

The public use doctrine

 

The fair use doctrine

 

The bar to patents doctrine

 

The public service doctrine

 

6 This form of alternative dispute resolution allows both parties to see the strengths and weaknesses of both sides of the case.

 

Mini-trial

 

Fact-finding

 

Judicial referee

 

Conciliation

 

7 Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of a common law legal system?

 

The making of law by the judges and the following of precedent

 

Requiring guilt be proven beyond a reasonable doubt

 

An appeal process

 

The sole source of law is a comprehensive civil code

 

8 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted as the result of:

 

The failure of the savings and loans in the 1980s.

 

The high profile accounting fraud cases in the 1990s and early 2000s.

 

The terrorist attacks of Sept 11, 2001.

 

The collapse of the housing market in the late 2000s.

 

9 Which of the following is true about sexual harassment in the workplace?

 

Sexual harassment claims require that persons of both genders be involved.

 

If a supervisor approaches someone and asks the person out for a social date, and if the supervisor acts in a socially customary manner, it will not be sexual harassment.

 

Sexual harassment is covered under OSHA as part of workplace safety.

 

The standards for a hostile work environment are extremely vague and depend on all the facts and circumstances.

 

10 Which form of alternative dispute resolution occurs when the parties choose an impartial third party to hear and decide their dispute?

 

Arbitration

 

Minitrial

 

Mediation

 

Conciliation

 

11 According to Sarbanes-Oxley, this person or people should sign the Federal income tax return of a corporation:

 

Board of Directors

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

Head of the accounting firm that prepares the corporation’s tax returns.

 

Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

 

12 Edward’s Warehouse stores a variety of generic goods for several distributors in Anytown. Which of the following describes Edward’s liability for the bailed goods should something happen to them?

 

Comparative liability.

 

Criminal liability.

 

Ordinary negligence

 

Strict liability.

 

13 The tort of palming off involves:

 

Making false statements about the goods of another

 

Failing to credit another for that other person’s legal accomplishments

 

Representing one’s own goods to be those of a competitor

 

Knowingly selling goods that are defective.

 

14 If an LLC fails to follow formalities such as keeping minutes of meetings, then which of the following is true?

 

Only the managers of a manager-managed LLC will lose limited liability.

 

This failure will not result in imposing personal liability on any member.

 

All members will lose their limited liability.

 

Only the parties responsible for the failure will lose limited liability.

 

15 If a plaintiff voluntarily enters into or participates into a risk activity that results in injury, what is the most likely defense that he or she may use to a defendant’s claim that the plaintiff assumed the risk?

 

Defendant assumed the risk under the “danger invites rescue” doctrine

 

Comparative negligence

 

Defendant was negligent per se

 

Contributory negligence

 

16 Barry buys a new sports car. The car sits low to the ground and because of the styling visibility to the rear is limited. About a month after Barry buys the car, he backs over his pet poodle as he is leaving for work. In his strict liability suit against the car manufacturer, Barry will:

 

Win on the basis of design defect

 

Lose because he assumed the risk of backing up in a car when he could not see to the rear.

 

Win because driving a sports car is an inherently dangerous activity

 

Win on the basis of packaging defect because the car could have been packaged in a differently styled body.

 

17 If there is an area of interstate commerce that the federal government has not chosen to regulate, the states can:

 

Not regulate in that area because states cannot pass laws affecting interstate commerce.

 

Regulate without restriction in that area.

 

Regulate in that area so long as the state law does not undulyburden interstate commerce.

 

Regulate in that area so long as it first gets the requisite approval from Congress.

 

18 The legal effect of the presence of a superseding event is that:

 

The burden of proof shifts from the plaintiff to the defendant

 

Intent must be proven in addition to elements of negligence

 

The plaintiff and defendant will share liability

 

The defendant is not liable even if the plaintiff has proved all the elements of negligence.

 

19 John is president and sole shareholder of Photo, Inc. Photo, Inc. wishes to borrow money, but to do so, the bank requires John to orally guarantee to repay the loan if Photo, Inc. cannot. John’s guaranty to repay is:

 

Enforceable, because the main purpose of the loan and the guarantee was to benefit John.

 

Unenforceable, because in general, guaranty contracts need to be in writing.

 

Unenforceable, because John did not sign any agreement.

 

Enforceable, because in general, guaranty contracts do not need to be in writing.

 

20 The major disadvantage of a sole proprietorship is:

 

The unlimited liability for the business’ debts.

 

The difficulty in transferring ownership to others.

 

The sharing of management authority with others.

 

The difficulty and cost of formation.

 

21 Sam sells property to Betty and delivers Betty a deed that says”This property is conveyed to Betty so long as she never operates a bar on the premises.” If she operates a bar on the premises, Sam Seller may take possession of the property. The type of interest that Betty Buyer has acquired is a:

 

Fee simple absolute

 

Fee simple defeasible

 

Fee simple remainder

 

Fee simple limited

 

22________ is a form of alternative dispute resolution that is often used when the parties involved do not want to face one another.

 

Fact-finding

 

Negotiation

 

Mini-trial

 

Conciliation

 

23 Which of the following statutes provides that it is legal for employees to organize a union?

 

The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act

 

The Labor-Management Relations Act

 

The Norris-LaGuardia Act

 

The National Labor Relations Act

 

24 Which of the following is true when someone accidentally makes an improvement to the personal property of another where the owner was unaware of the improvement until after ithad been made?

 

The party who made the improvement can remove it if this is possible, otherwise the owner of the property gets to keep the improvement and must pay the party who improved it the reasonable value of the improvement.

 

The property owner gets to keep the improvement in all circumstances and is not required to pay for it.

 

The party who made the improvement can remove it if this is possible, otherwise the owner of the property gets to keep the improvement and is not required to pay for it.

 

The property owner gets to keep the improvement in all cases, but must pay the party who improved it the reasonable value of the improvement.

 

25 Which is true about the two kinds of discrimination that are actionable under Title VII?

 

Disparate impact and disparate treatment are both based on how the employer treats a specific individual.

 

Disparate impact refers to individuals and disparte treatment refers to protected classes.

 

Disparate treatment refers to individuals and disparate impact refers to protected classes.

 

Disparate impact and disparate treatment are both based on how the employer treats a protected class.

 

26 Sean has a 6 year old car which he bought 2 years ago from its original owner. Eight months ago he received a recall notice about a safety problem with the brakes. He never responded to the notice. Yesterday Sean was driving when the brakes failed and caused him to strike and injure a pedestrian. Which of the following is true in lawsuits against the car’s manufacturer?

 

Neither party can recover if Sean’s was one of only a few of these cars that actually had a brake defect.

 

Sean can recover despite having received the recall notice.

 

The pedestrian cannot recover due to the fact that the pedestrian was not using the car.

 

The pedestrian cannot recover because the correction of the defect will apply even though Sean did not take the car in for repairs.

 

27 unfair and deceptive trade practices are general regulated by the:

 

Federal Trade Commission

 

Consumer Product Safety Commission

 

Food and Drug Administration

 

Securities and Exchange Commission

 

28 What are sellers responsible to provide for regarding the assembly of products they sell?

 

Adequate instructions for safe assembly

 

Adequate instructions for safe assembly and use of the product.

 

Rebates

 

Adequate instructions for use of the product

 

29 George, an employee, breaches a fixed-term employment contract by quitting before the end of the term. What can his employer, MNO Inc. recover as damages?

 

All amounts already paid to the employee under the contract.

 

The costs of hiring a replacement employee plus any increase in salary paid to the replacement employee.

 

Only amounts paid to the employee for which the employee has not yet done the work.

 

Nothing, because courts do not order anyone to perform a job against his or her will.

 

30 Mary, the seller, and Jane contract for the sale of 500 sweaters.They agree on color and style, but not on price or time of delivery. Mary refuses to deliver the sweaters and Jane sues. What results?

 

Jane wins; the courts will fill in all the above-mentioned missing terms.

 

Mary wins; the courts will fill in many missing terms, but never price.

 

Mary wins; because all these terms were omitted from the agreement, the contract is not definite enough to be valid.

 

Mary wins; the courts will fill in many missing terms, but never time of delivery.

 

31 Under the Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act, tender of performance is:

 

A party’s agreement to perform

 

The offer to complete the performance of contractual duties made by a party who is willing and able to perform.

 

A party’s unequivocal indication of intent to perform.

 

The actual completion of a party’s obligations under the contract.

 

32 If a judge rules that a party lost its case because of the Statute of Frauds, the judge has essentially stated which of the following?

 

The losing party cannot enforce an oral contract that should have been in writing.

 

The losing party was found by the court to have lied, and therefore will lose the case.

 

The losing party will not be allowed to introduce evidence to contradict a written agreement.

 

The losing party purposely deceived the other party about a material fact.

 

33 Paul purchased a deluxe motorhome from Wide Open Spaces Motorhomes. In a product liability suit against Wide Open Spaces Motorhome Corporation, Paul must show which of the following in order to recover:

 

The negligence of Wide Open Spaces led to Paul’s injury

 

A defect made the motorhome unreasonably dangerous, leading to an injury.

 

Wide Open Spaces was the manufacturer of the motor home and not just a dealer.

 

Paul was not misusing the motorhome when the injury occurred.

 

34 Officers of a corporation typically have which types of agency authority?

 

Implied and apparent only

 

Express only

 

Express, implied, and apparent

 

Express and apparent only

 

35 The school of jurisprudence that believes that free market forces should determine the outcome to lawsuits is:

 

The Sociological school

 

The Command school

 

The Law and Economics school

 

The Critical Legal Studies school

 

36 Which of the following is true about the provisions of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) as they related to health insurance?

 

Employers must make the same group health insurance available to all employees.

 

Upon termination of employment, a health insurance provider must allow the employee to participate in the same health insurance coverage program that the employee participated in while working for the employer, although the employee must pay for it.

 

Certain companies are required to provide group health insurance coverage to their employees.

 

Upon termination of employment, an employer is required to pay, for a limited time, for the former employee’s health insurance coverage under the same terms that it had been paying for it while the employee worked for the employer.

 

37 Which of the following is true about litigating commercial disputes?

 

The Sociological school

 

The Law and Economics school

 

The Critical Legal Studies school

 

The Command school

 

38 Mr Smith awakens one morning to the sound of construction in his backyard. When he looks out the window, he sees Ajax Construction Co. apparently erecting a garage on his property. He had not spoken or contracted with Ajax for this service. However, Mr Smith really wanted a new garage, so he let them continue. Later it was discovered that the garage was intended to go next door. Ajax sues Mr Smith for the value of the garage. What is the probable result?

 

Ajax wins; although there is no real contract, this is a case of unjust enrichment, and because Mr Smith accepted the garage, he must pay for it.

 

Smith wins; there was no contract upon which Ajax could recover, and people are not liable for benefits that are thrustupon them.

 

Smith wins; unjust enrichment does not apply here becauseMr Smith had no duty to tell Ajax that it had the wrong house.

 

Ajax wins; this is a case of a contract implied in-fact, andMr Smith implicity agreed to pay for the garage.

 

39 Martha started a flower shop as a sole proprietor. After 1 year, she was forced to close the shop because business was so bad. At that time, the business assets totaled $50,000, but the business liabilities totaled $125,000. Which of the following statements is true:

 

Martha’s business creditors can collect only the $50,000 now, but if Martha ever goes into business again, they can get the assets of the new business.

 

Once Martha terminates the sole proprietorship, the business creditors cannot even get the $50,000.

 

Martha’s business creditors can collect only the $50,000 of business assets.

 

Martha is personally liable for the additional $75,000.

 

40 Under what circumstances can a state impose a tax on goods imported from other nations?

 

If the amount of the tax is reasonable

 

If the tax does not conflict with any valid federal law

 

If the tax also applied equally to the same type(s) of goods produced domestically

 

Under no circumstances

 

41 Under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), an employee’s benefits must vest:

 

Only as provided in the pension plan.

 

Within 10 years

 

By the time of the employee’s retirement

 

In total within 5 years or gradually within 7 years

 

42 Which of the following is likely to be a breach of a corporateofficer’s/director’s duty of care?

 

Failing to predict the startup of a new competitor.

 

Failing to anticipate a drop in consumer demand of the company’s product.

 

Failing to foresee a severe rise in the interest rate.

 

Failing to make a reasonable investigation of relevant facts.

 

43 Mark is the treasurer of Sky-Hi Tech Corporation and, as such, he is responsible for protecting the assets of the corporation. One of Mark’s subordinates, Jill, is in charge of reconciling the monthly corporate bank statements. Over a period of several months, Jill embezzled a large amount of money from Sky-Hi Tech, covering up the theft using her bank reconciliations. If Mark had adequately supervised Jill, she could not have embezzled this money. Mark’s actions (or inactions) constitute a breach of his duty of:

 

Obedience

 

Loyalty

 

Due care

 

Ultra vires

 

44 In a guaranty arragement, the guarantor:

 

Promises to pay the debt of another in any circumstances.

 

Promises to assume responsibility for the quality of goods.

 

Promises to pay the debt of another if that person does not pay.

 

Promises to pay the debt of another contingent up the happening of some external event.

 

 

 

45 Janet is manager of a bank. She has all the qualifications to be promoted to bank manager. In fact, she is better qualified than any of the males being considered for the position. However, the owner of the bank believes that bank customers will not accept a woman as bank manager, so the owner promotes one of the males. The owner’s actions would best be described as:

 

Sex discrimination

46 Which of the following is true about misappropriation of trade secrets?

Although it is not necessary that the trade secret be patented, the secret must be such that it could be patented.

47 Internet domain names are assigned by:

The Patent and Trademark Office

Network Solutions, Inc. only

Network Solutions, Inc. and other authorized companies

A subagency of the Commerce Department

48 What is the major convention that provides international protection to patents?

The 1997 WIPO Treaty

49 The Sarbane-Oxley Act of 2002 was enacted in order to:

Improve corporate governance.

50 George, an employee, breaches a fixed-term employment contract by quitting before the end. What can his employer, MNO Inc. recover as damages.

All amounts already paid to the employee under the contract.

The costs of hiring a replacement employee plus any increase in salary paid to the replacement employee.

Only amounts paid to the employee for which the employee has not yet done the work.

Nothing, because courts do not order anyone to perform a job against his or her will.

51 Which of the following statements best describes the procedures under the Clean Air Act?

The state governments set and enforce the standards.

The federal government sets the standard; the state government enforces the standards; if the state governments do not adequately enforce the standards, the federal government may enforce them.

The federal government sets and enforces the standards

Both the federal and state governments set standards and each enforces its own standards.