the part of the atom that carries no electric charge

1) Retinoblastoma, a malignant tumor of the eye, can be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Penetrance in such families is 80% (4/5’ths). Ms. R’s paternal grandmother, father, and brother had retinoblastoma, but Ms. R herself is unaffected. She is 12 weeks pregnant. What is the risk of retinoblastoma in Ms. R’s fetus?

Mary is a 27 year old woman who is very involved in the mucopolysaccahidosis (MPS) support group. Mary’s sister, Jane, died of Hurler syndrome (alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency) at age 8 years. Mary met two very nice men at the support group meeting, Joe and Bob, both of whom are affected with a MPS disorder. Joe has Scheie syndrome (alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency) and Bob has a mild form of Hunter syndrome (iduronate sulfatase deficiency). All of the defects are verified by enzyme testing. Mary is actively dating both Joe and Bob and wants to know her chances of having a child affected with a MPS disorder before deciding which man to marry. If Mary marries Joe, what is the chance they would have a child affected with a MPS disorder:

Determine whether the phrase describes glucokinase, hexokinase isozymes I-III, or all hexokinase isozymes. Note: Assume that the kinetic behavior of hexokinase isozymes in vivo is similar to in vitro

Link genetic characteristics to DNA structure.

dentify the major steps of homologous recombination. What bacterial and eukaryotic proteins are responsible for carrying out each of these steps? Design a genetic screen that would identify bacterial genes involved in recombination.

Read the following passage: The scientific method is a cyclical and self-correcting process that involves several steps. Observations and collecting qualitative and quantitative evidence are important to make predictions and to develop a theory. Scientific breakthroughs do not happen overnight. Sometimes, the missing piece of the scientific puzzle takes years to discover. In 1915, Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift to explain the past and present location of the continents; however, his ideas were met with resistance because he could not provide evidence that would support his hypothesis. Later oceanographers, geologists, and scientists collected more information to verify and explain the theory. In the 1960s, the mechanism and processes were explained by plate tectonic theory. With advancements in science and technology, scientists are still collecting more information. Answer each of the following questions in your own words and in 3–5 sentences

• How can you prevent or slow down the spread and further the selection of new antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria?
• Are there things that you can personally do to reduce your risk or even to reduce the spread of these dangerous microbes?
• What is your reaction to the following sign that is commonly found in restrooms? Is it significant to the discussion of antibiotic resistance?

hypertrophy is correlated w/ an increase in sarcomeres.   Wouldn't an increase in sarcomeres correlate to more cells contradicting the definition of hypertrophy?